Day- 5 Read the 12 guidelines of Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0.) Write a short post on one of them 

Though the testing challenge is to read & discuss one of  the guidelines of WCAG 2.0 ( Published on 11 December 2008), i want to mention that  WCAG 2.1  is already in market (published on 5 June 2018.) & WCAG 2.2 is scheduled to be published in early 2021.

All requirements (“success criteria”) from 2.0 are included in 2.1.There are additional success criteria in 2.1 that are not in 2.0. I am going to discuss WCAG 2.1 here. 

 

WCAG 2.1 is stable, referenceable technical standard. It has 13 guidelines that are organized under 4 principles: perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust. For each guideline, there are testable success criteria, which are at three levels: A, AA, and AAA.

1. Perceivable - Information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they can perceive.

•  Provide text alternatives for non-text content.

•  Provide captions and other alternatives for multimedia.

•  Create content that can be presented in different ways,including by assistive technologies, without losing meaning.

•  Make it easier for users to see and hear content.

2. Operable - User interface components and navigation must be operable.

•  Make all functionality available from a keyboard.

• Give users enough time to read and use content.

• Do not use content that causes seizures or physical reactions.

• Help users navigate and find content.

• Make it easier to use inputs other than the keyboard. -

3. Understandable- Information and the operation of user interface must be understandable.

•  Make text readable and understandable.

• Make content appear and operate in predictable ways.

• Help users avoid and correct mistakes.

4. Robust - content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies.

•  Maximize compatibility with browsers and user tools.

Let's discuss keyboard accessibility guidelines -  Make all functionality available from a keyboard.

Certain users navigate the internet using the keyboard rather than the mouse. Expert “power” users prefer keyboard commands for efficiency, while users with certain disabilities have no choice but to use the keyboard. For example , many users with motor disabilities rely on a keyboard. Blind users also typically use a keyboard for navigation. Some people have tremors which don't allow for fine muscle control.Keyboard-friendly websites make these interactions possible for all users.